diff --git a/backend/src/kbqa/api/router.py b/backend/src/kbqa/api/router.py
index ca144ef..493fb7b 100644
--- a/backend/src/kbqa/api/router.py
+++ b/backend/src/kbqa/api/router.py
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 from fastapi import APIRouter
 
+from kbqa.documents.routes import router as documents_router
+
 api_router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/v1")
+api_router.include_router(documents_router)
diff --git a/backend/src/kbqa/documents/routes.py b/backend/src/kbqa/documents/routes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03ef3d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/kbqa/documents/routes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+from typing import Annotated, Literal
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, Query, Request, Response, UploadFile, status
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from kbqa.api.errors import AppError
+from kbqa.database import get_session
+from kbqa.documents.repository import DocumentRepository
+from kbqa.documents.schemas import ChunkResponse, DocumentResponse, Page
+from kbqa.documents.service import DocumentService
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/documents", tags=["documents"])
+
+SessionDependency = Annotated[AsyncSession, Depends(get_session)]
+
+
+def get_document_service(request: Request) -> DocumentService:
+    return request.app.state.document_service
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=DocumentResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_202_ACCEPTED)
+async def upload_document(
+    file: Annotated[UploadFile, File()],
+    service: Annotated[DocumentService, Depends(get_document_service)],
+) -> DocumentResponse:
+    document = await service.upload(file)
+    return DocumentResponse.model_validate(document)
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=Page[DocumentResponse])
+async def list_documents(
+    session: SessionDependency,
+    document_status: Annotated[
+        Literal["pending", "indexing", "indexed", "failed", "deleting"] | None,
+        Query(alias="status"),
+    ] = None,
+    offset: Annotated[int, Query(ge=0)] = 0,
+    limit: Annotated[int, Query(ge=1, le=100)] = 20,
+) -> Page[DocumentResponse]:
+    items, total = await DocumentRepository(session).page(document_status, offset, limit)
+    return Page(
+        items=[DocumentResponse.model_validate(item) for item in items],
+        total=total,
+        offset=offset,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/{document_id}", response_model=DocumentResponse)
+async def get_document(document_id: str, session: SessionDependency) -> DocumentResponse:
+    document = await DocumentRepository(session).get(document_id)
+    if document is None:
+        raise AppError("DOCUMENT_NOT_FOUND", "文档不存在", 404)
+    return DocumentResponse.model_validate(document)
+
+
+@router.get("/{document_id}/chunks", response_model=Page[ChunkResponse])
+async def list_document_chunks(
+    document_id: str,
+    session: SessionDependency,
+    offset: Annotated[int, Query(ge=0)] = 0,
+    limit: Annotated[int, Query(ge=1, le=100)] = 20,
+) -> Page[ChunkResponse]:
+    repository = DocumentRepository(session)
+    if await repository.get(document_id) is None:
+        raise AppError("DOCUMENT_NOT_FOUND", "文档不存在", 404)
+    items, total = await repository.page_chunks(document_id, offset, limit)
+    return Page(
+        items=[ChunkResponse.model_validate(item) for item in items],
+        total=total,
+        offset=offset,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "/{document_id}/retry",
+    response_model=DocumentResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_202_ACCEPTED,
+)
+async def retry_document(
+    document_id: str,
+    service: Annotated[DocumentService, Depends(get_document_service)],
+) -> DocumentResponse:
+    document = await service.retry(document_id)
+    return DocumentResponse.model_validate(document)
+
+
+@router.delete("/{document_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+async def delete_document(
+    document_id: str,
+    service: Annotated[DocumentService, Depends(get_document_service)],
+) -> Response:
+    await service.delete(document_id)
+    return Response(status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
diff --git a/backend/src/kbqa/documents/schemas.py b/backend/src/kbqa/documents/schemas.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f343b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/kbqa/documents/schemas.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Generic, TypeVar
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+class Page(BaseModel, Generic[T]):
+    items: list[T]
+    total: int
+    offset: int
+    limit: int
+
+
+class DocumentResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: str
+    filename: str
+    file_type: str
+    mime_type: str
+    file_size: int
+    status: str
+    chunk_count: int
+    error_code: str | None
+    error_message: str | None
+    created_at: datetime
+    updated_at: datetime
+
+
+class ChunkResponse(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
+
+    id: str
+    document_id: str
+    order_index: int
+    content: str
+    page_number: int | None
+    char_count: int
+    created_at: datetime
+
+
+class Pagination(BaseModel):
+    offset: int = Field(default=0, ge=0)
+    limit: int = Field(default=20, ge=1, le=100)
diff --git a/backend/src/kbqa/documents/service.py b/backend/src/kbqa/documents/service.py
index 90d5f8e..5271e24 100644
--- a/backend/src/kbqa/documents/service.py
+++ b/backend/src/kbqa/documents/service.py
@@ -21,6 +21,12 @@ ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = {
     ".txt": ("txt", "text/plain"),
 }
 
+ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES = {
+    "pdf": {"application/pdf"},
+    "md": {"text/markdown", "text/plain", "text/x-markdown"},
+    "txt": {"text/plain"},
+}
+
 
 class DocumentService:
     def __init__(
@@ -41,6 +47,8 @@ class DocumentService:
         if suffix not in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS:
             raise AppError("UNSUPPORTED_FILE_TYPE", "仅支持 PDF、Markdown 和 TXT 文件", 415)
         file_type, expected_mime = ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS[suffix]
+        if file.content_type not in ALLOWED_MIME_TYPES[file_type]:
+            raise AppError("INVALID_MIME_TYPE", "文件扩展名与内容类型不匹配", 415)
         document_id = str(uuid4())
         target = self.settings.raw_data_dir / f"{document_id}{suffix}"
         temporary = target.with_suffix(f"{suffix}.part")